Grade 16 Titanium vs. Nickel 685
Grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while nickel 685 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 16 titanium and the bottom bar is nickel 685.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 240 | |
| 470 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 34 | |
| 20 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 38 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 250 | |
| 770 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 400 | |
| 1250 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 340 | |
| 850 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
| 1000 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1330 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 460 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 22 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.2 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 8.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 10 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 340 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 86 | |
| 190 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 550 | |
| 1820 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
| 42 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 | |
| 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.9 | |
| 3.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 29 | |
| 37 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 1.6 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0.0030 to 0.010 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.030 to 0.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 12 to 15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 5.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 49.6 to 62.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 98.8 to 99.96 | |
| 2.8 to 3.3 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.020 to 0.12 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |