Grade 16 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI H21 Steel
Grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI H21 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 16 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
200 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
0.29 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 38 | |
76 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 400 | |
720 to 1790 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
250 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
1630 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
1580 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
440 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 22 | |
27 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.2 | |
11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
8.5 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
4.5 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
68 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
72 |
Common Calculations
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
13 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
23 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
23 to 58 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 | |
21 to 38 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.9 | |
7.1 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 29 | |
24 to 59 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
0.28 to 0.36 |
Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
3.0 to 3.8 |
Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.25 |
Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
0 |
Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
87.6 to 93.8 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
0.15 to 0.4 |
Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.3 |
Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
0 |
Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
0 |
Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
0 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.030 |
Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
0.15 to 0.5 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.030 |
Titanium (Ti), % | 98.8 to 99.96 | |
0 |
Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
8.5 to 10 |
Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
0.3 to 0.6 |
Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
0 |