Grade 16 Titanium vs. Type 2 Pewter
Grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while Type 2 pewter belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 18 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 16 titanium and the bottom bar is Type 2 pewter.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 52 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.35 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 38 | |
| 19 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 400 | |
| 52 to 68 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 69 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 300 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 240 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 220 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.2 | |
| 21 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 36 | |
| 12 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 210 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 1220 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 3.9 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
| 2.0 to 2.6 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 | |
| 4.3 to 5.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 29 | |
| 3.4 to 4.4 |
Alloy Composition
| Antimony (Sb), % | 0 | |
| 5.0 to 7.5 |
| Arsenic (As), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 3.0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 90 to 93 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 98.8 to 99.96 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |