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Grade 16 Titanium vs. S33228 Stainless Steel

Grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while S33228 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 16 titanium and the bottom bar is S33228 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 240
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 34
39
Shear Modulus, GPa 38
79
Shear Strength, MPa 250
380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 340
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.2
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
6.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
89
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
220

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 550
110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 29
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.025
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.040 to 0.080
Cerium (Ce), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
26 to 28
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
36.5 to 42.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
31 to 33
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.6 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 98.8 to 99.96
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0