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Grade 18 Titanium vs. Grade 32 Titanium

Both grade 18 titanium and grade 32 titanium are titanium alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 18 titanium and the bottom bar is grade 32 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
110
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 17
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 480
390
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 23
28
Shear Modulus, GPa 40
40
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 590
460
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 980
770
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 540 to 810
670

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 330
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1640
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1590
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 550
550
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 8.3
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
8.2

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 1.3
1.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
2.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 41
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 670
530
Embodied Water, L/kg 270
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 87 to 110
83
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1380 to 3110
2100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 43 to 61
47
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 39 to 49
41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.4
3.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 47 to 67
63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.5
4.5 to 5.5
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.6 to 1.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.11
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.060 to 0.14
Tin (Sn), % 0
0.6 to 1.4
Titanium (Ti), % 92.5 to 95.5
88.1 to 93
Vanadium (V), % 2.0 to 3.0
0.6 to 1.4
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.6 to 1.4
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4