Grade 18 Titanium vs. Type 4 Niobium
Grade 18 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 18 titanium and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.4 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 38 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 270 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 7.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 8.6 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 270 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 44 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1380 to 3110 | |
| 93 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 6.8 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 7.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 9.5 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 67 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.0015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 98.1 to 99.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.5 to 95.5 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |