Grade 19 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 4140 Steel
Grade 19 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4140 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 19 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4140 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.6 to 17 | |
| 11 to 26 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 620 | |
| 360 to 650 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 47 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 750 | |
| 410 to 660 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1300 | |
| 690 to 1080 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 870 to 1170 | |
| 590 to 990 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 370 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1600 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 520 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 6.2 | |
| 43 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.1 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 45 | |
| 2.4 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 47 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 760 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 230 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 70 to 150 | |
| 74 to 180 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3040 to 5530 | |
| 920 to 2590 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 33 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 49 to 72 | |
| 25 to 38 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 to 53 | |
| 22 to 30 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.4 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 57 to 83 | |
| 20 to 32 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.38 to 0.43 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 0.8 to 1.1 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 96.8 to 97.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.75 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0.15 to 0.25 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.12 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 71.1 to 77 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 7.5 to 8.5 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |