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Grade 2 Titanium vs. AISI 431 Stainless Steel

Grade 2 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AISI 431 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 2 titanium and the bottom bar is AISI 431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
15 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250
430 to 610
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 38
77
Shear Strength, MPa 270
550 to 840
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
890 to 1380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360
710 to 1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
850
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 22
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.0
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.6
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.2
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
9.0
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 510
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
140 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 600
1270 to 2770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
32 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.9
7.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 32
28 to 43

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
15 to 17
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
78.2 to 83.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.3 to 2.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 98.9 to 100
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0