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Grade 2 Titanium vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Grade 2 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 2 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
140 to 160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250
190 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 38
73
Shear Strength, MPa 270
300 to 330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 22
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.0
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.6
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.2
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
2.8
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 510
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 92
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 600
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.9
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 32
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 98.9 to 100
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0