Grade 20 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 1212 Steel
Grade 20 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1212 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 20 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1212 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.7 to 17 | |
| 11 to 28 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 630 | |
| 200 to 290 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 23 | |
| 39 to 51 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 47 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 560 to 740 | |
| 280 to 370 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 900 to 1270 | |
| 440 to 620 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 to 1190 | |
| 260 to 460 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 370 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1600 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 520 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.6 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 52 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 860 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 350 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 71 to 150 | |
| 64 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2940 to 5760 | |
| 180 to 560 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 33 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 50 to 70 | |
| 15 to 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 to 52 | |
| 16 to 20 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 55 to 77 | |
| 14 to 20 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 3.0 to 4.0 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.13 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 98.5 to 99.07 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.7 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.12 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0.040 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0.070 to 0.12 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0.16 to 0.23 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 71 to 77 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 7.5 to 8.5 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |