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Grade 20 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI P21 Steel

Grade 20 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI P21 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 18 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 20 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 47
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 900 to 1270
1130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1600
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 520
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.6
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 5.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 52
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 860
32
Embodied Water, L/kg 350
62

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 33
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 50 to 70
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 52
31
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 77
37

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 3.0 to 4.0
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0.18 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 5.5 to 6.5
0 to 0.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
1.1 to 1.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.020
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
92.1 to 94.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.35 to 0.72
Molybdenum (Mo), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.9 to 4.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.12
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 71 to 77
0
Vanadium (V), % 7.5 to 8.5
0.15 to 0.25
Zirconium (Zr), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0