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Grade 21 Titanium vs. 4145 Aluminum

Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while 4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is 4145 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 140
73
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 17
2.2
Fatigue Strength, MPa 550 to 660
48
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 51
28
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 790
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1340
120
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 870 to 1170
68

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
540
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 310
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1740
590
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1690
520
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 500
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.5
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.1
21

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
10
Density, g/cm3 5.4
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 32
7.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 490
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
1040

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 180
2.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2760 to 5010
31
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 32
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 69
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 50
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66 to 100
5.5

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.5
83 to 87.4
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.15
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.3 to 4.7
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.15
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Molybdenum (Mo), % 14 to 16
0
Niobium (Nb), % 2.2 to 3.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.17
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.25
9.3 to 10.7
Titanium (Ti), % 76 to 81.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15