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Grade 21 Titanium vs. Grade 24 Titanium

Both grade 21 titanium and grade 24 titanium are titanium alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is grade 24 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 140
110
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 17
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 550 to 660
550
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 22
28
Shear Modulus, GPa 51
40
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 790
610
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1340
1010
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 870 to 1170
940

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 310
340
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1740
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1690
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 500
560
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.5
7.1
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.1
9.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 5.4
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 32
43
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 490
710
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 180
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2760 to 5010
4160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 32
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 69
63
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 50
50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
2.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66 to 100
72

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.5
5.5 to 6.8
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.080
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 14 to 16
0
Niobium (Nb), % 2.2 to 3.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.17
0 to 0.2
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Titanium (Ti), % 76 to 81.2
87.5 to 91
Vanadium (V), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4