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Grade 21 Titanium vs. Grade VDSiCrV Steel

Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while grade VDSiCrV steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is grade VDSiCrV steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 140
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 22
48
Shear Modulus, GPa 51
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1340
2100

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 310
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1740
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1690
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 500
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.5
47
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.1
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
2.3
Density, g/cm3 5.4
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 32
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 490
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
50

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 32
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 69
75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 50
47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66 to 100
63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0.5 to 0.7
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.060
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
96.1 to 97.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.4 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 14 to 16
0
Niobium (Nb), % 2.2 to 3.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.17
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.25
1.2 to 1.7
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.020
Titanium (Ti), % 76 to 81.2
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.1 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0