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Grade 21 Titanium vs. S41050 Stainless Steel

Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while S41050 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is S41050 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 140
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 17
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 550 to 660
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 51
76
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 790
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1340
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 870 to 1170
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 310
720
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1740
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1690
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 500
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.5
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 7.1
10

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 60
7.0
Density, g/cm3 5.4
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 32
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 490
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
97

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 180
98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2760 to 5010
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 32
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 69
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 50
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
7.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 66 to 100
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 2.5 to 3.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0
10.5 to 12.5
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
84.2 to 88.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 14 to 16
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.6 to 1.1
Niobium (Nb), % 2.2 to 3.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.1
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.17
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.25
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 76 to 81.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0