Grade 28 Titanium vs. ASTM B817 Type I
Both grade 28 titanium and ASTM B817 type I are titanium alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 28 titanium and the bottom bar is ASTM B817 type I.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 100 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 4.0 to 13 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 480 | |
| 360 to 520 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.32 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 22 | |
| 5.0 to 29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 770 to 960 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 700 to 860 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 340 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1600 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1550 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 9.6 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.3 | |
| 1.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 2.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 37 | |
| 38 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 610 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 370 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 30 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1370 to 3100 | |
| 2310 to 3540 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 48 to 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 42 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 66 | |
| 54 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 5.5 to 6.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Chlorine (Cl), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0.080 to 0.14 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sodium (Na), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.4 to 95.4 | |
| 87 to 91 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |