Grade 28 Titanium vs. Austempered Cast Iron
Grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while austempered cast iron belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 28 titanium and the bottom bar is austempered cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 180 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 1.1 to 13 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 62 to 69 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 860 to 1800 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 560 to 1460 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 2.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 37 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 25 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 370 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 19 to 95 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1370 to 3100 | |
| 880 to 3970 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 32 to 66 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 27 to 44 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 66 | |
| 25 to 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Arsenic (As), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 3.4 to 3.8 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 89.6 to 94 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0.080 to 0.14 | |
| 0 |
| Selenium (Se), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 2.3 to 2.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.4 to 95.4 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |