Grade 28 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 52100 Steel
Grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 52100 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 28 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 52100 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 10 to 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 480 | |
| 250 to 340 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 to 590 | |
| 370 to 420 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 980 | |
| 590 to 2010 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 540 to 810 | |
| 360 to 560 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 430 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1640 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1590 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 8.3 | |
| 47 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.9 | |
| 12 to 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.3 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 8.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 2.4 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 37 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 600 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 370 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 87 to 110 | |
| 54 to 310 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1370 to 3100 | |
| 350 to 840 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 43 to 61 | |
| 21 to 72 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 39 to 49 | |
| 20 to 45 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 47 to 66 | |
| 19 to 61 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.93 to 1.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 1.4 to 1.6 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 96.5 to 97.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.25 to 0.45 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0.080 to 0.14 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 92.4 to 95.4 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |