Grade 32 Titanium vs. AWS E16-8-2
Grade 32 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AWS E16-8-2 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 32 titanium and the bottom bar is AWS E16-8-2.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 40 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 770 | |
| 620 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 550 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 7.5 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.2 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.0 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.1 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 38 | |
| 15 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 530 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 140 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 47 | |
| 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 | |
| 20 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.0 | |
| 4.2 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 63 | |
| 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 4.5 to 5.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 14.5 to 16.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 68 to 76.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 2.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.6 to 1.2 | |
| 1.0 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 7.5 to 9.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.11 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.060 to 0.14 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0.6 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 93 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.6 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0.6 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |