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Grade 33 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI T2 Steel

Grade 33 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI T2 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 33 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI T2 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390
780 to 2150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1820
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1760
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
410
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
19
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 55
46
Density, g/cm3 4.5
9.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 33
11
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 530
170
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
98

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
23 to 64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 26
20 to 40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.7
4.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 30
23 to 65

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.8 to 0.9
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.2
3.8 to 4.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
70.8 to 75.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0.35 to 0.55
0 to 0.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.010 to 0.020
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Ruthenium (Ru), % 0.020 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 98.1 to 99.52
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
17.5 to 19
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.8 to 2.4
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0