Grade 361 Molybdenum vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Grade 361 molybdenum belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals classification, while ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 361 molybdenum and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Grade 361 Molybdenum ASTM A231 Chromium-Vanadium Spring Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190

Elongation at Break, %		6.3
Elongation at Break, %		14

Poisson's Ratio		0.31
Poisson's Ratio		0.29

Shear Modulus, GPa		120
Shear Modulus, GPa		73

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		1790

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa		530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa		1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		370
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		250

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		250
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		7.0
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm³		10
Density, g/cm³		7.8

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		28
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		2.0

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		330
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		28

Embodied Water, L/kg		360
Embodied Water, L/kg		51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³		37
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³		230

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		17
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		22
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		64

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		42

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.010
Carbon (C), %		0.48 to 0.53

Chromium (Cr), %		0
Chromium (Cr), %		0.8 to 1.1

Iron (Fe), %		0 to 0.010
Iron (Fe), %		96.7 to 97.7

Manganese (Mn), %		0
Manganese (Mn), %		0.7 to 0.9

Molybdenum (Mo), %		99.9 to 100
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		0 to 0.0050
Nickel (Ni), %		0

Nitrogen (N), %		0 to 0.0020
Nitrogen (N), %		0

Oxygen (O), %		0 to 0.0070
Oxygen (O), %		0

Phosphorus (P), %		0
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), %		0.15 to 0.35

Sulfur (S), %		0
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.040

Vanadium (V), %		0
Vanadium (V), %		0.15 to 0.3