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Grade 38 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 1023 Steel

Grade 38 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1023 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 38 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1023 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
17 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 530
180 to 270
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 29
46 to 56
Shear Modulus, GPa 40
73
Shear Strength, MPa 600
280 to 300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1000
430 to 480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 910
240 to 410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 330
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1620
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1570
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 550
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 8.0
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.3
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 1.2
6.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 36
1.8
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 35
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 560
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
77 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3840
150 to 450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 62
15 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 49
16 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 72
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.2 to 0.25
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 1.2 to 1.8
99.06 to 99.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 89.9 to 93.1
0
Vanadium (V), % 2.0 to 3.0
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0