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Grade 4 Titanium vs. AISI 418 Stainless Steel

Grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AISI 418 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 4 titanium and the bottom bar is AISI 418 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
330
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 17
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340
520
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 28
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
77
Shear Strength, MPa 390
680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 640
1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 530
850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
770
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 19
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.4
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.1
2.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.3
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
15
Density, g/cm3 4.5
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1330
1830
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.6
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 46
40

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.15 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
78.5 to 83.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.8 to 2.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 98.6 to 100
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0