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Grade 4 Titanium vs. AWS E312

Grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AWS E312 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 4 titanium and the bottom bar is AWS E312.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Elongation at Break, % 17
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 640
740

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.4
15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
20
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
3.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
200

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 46
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
28 to 32
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
52.3 to 63.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 98.6 to 100
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0