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Grade 4 Titanium vs. EN 1.3538 Steel

Grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.3538 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 4 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.3538 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
200 to 220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 640
670 to 740

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 19
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.4
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.1
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.3
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
3.0
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
56

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
24 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
22 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.6
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 46
20 to 22

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.050
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.93 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
96 to 97.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.4 to 0.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 0.0015
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 98.6 to 100
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0