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Grade 4 Titanium vs. EN 1.3558 Steel

Grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.3558 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 4 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.3558 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 640
770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
490
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1810
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1760
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
410
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 19
20
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.4
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.1
13
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.3
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
45
Density, g/cm3 4.5
9.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
90

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.6
5.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 46
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.7 to 0.8
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.9 to 4.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
73.7 to 77.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 98.6 to 100
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
17.5 to 19
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.0 to 1.3
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0