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Grade 4 Titanium vs. EN 1.8888 Steel

Grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.8888 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 4 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.8888 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340
470
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 23
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
73
Shear Strength, MPa 390
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 640
830
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 530
720

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 19
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.4
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.1
8.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.3
9.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
3.7
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1330
1370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.6
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 46
24

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 1.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
91.9 to 100
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.7
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 2.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.060
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.015
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.0050
Titanium (Ti), % 98.6 to 100
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.12
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0