Grade 4 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 1345 Steel
Grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1345 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 4 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1345 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 | |
| 170 to 210 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 11 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 340 | |
| 230 to 390 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 390 | |
| 370 to 440 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 640 | |
| 590 to 730 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 530 | |
| 330 to 620 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 19 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.4 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.1 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 6.3 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 37 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 31 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 500 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 110 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 | |
| 78 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1330 | |
| 290 to 1040 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 40 | |
| 21 to 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 37 | |
| 20 to 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 7.6 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 46 | |
| 19 to 23 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0.43 to 0.48 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 97.2 to 97.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 1.6 to 1.9 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 98.6 to 100 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |