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Grade TDC Steel vs. Grade 16 Titanium

Grade TDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 16 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade TDC steel and the bottom bar is grade 16 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 50
34
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
38
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1700
400

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.2

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
3.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
7.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
36
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
600
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
230

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 50
29

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.6 to 0.75
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 99.4
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.25
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
98.8 to 99.96
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4