Grade VDC Steel vs. Austempered Cast Iron
Both grade VDC steel and austempered cast iron are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is austempered cast iron.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 510 | |
| 270 to 490 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 180 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 62 to 69 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1700 | |
| 860 to 1800 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 2.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 25 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 60 | |
| 32 to 66 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 40 | |
| 27 to 44 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 50 | |
| 25 to 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Arsenic (As), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.6 to 0.75 | |
| 3.4 to 3.8 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.060 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.3 to 99.35 | |
| 89.6 to 94 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Selenium (Se), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 2.3 to 2.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |