Grade VDC Steel vs. Type 4 Magnetic Alloy
Grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade VDC steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 magnetic alloy.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.31 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1700 | |
| 620 to 1100 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 900 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1420 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 440 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 2.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 3.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 60 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 10 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 210 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 12 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 60 | |
| 19 to 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 40 | |
| 18 to 27 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 50 | |
| 21 to 37 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.6 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.060 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.3 to 99.35 | |
| 9.5 to 17.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 6.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 79 to 82 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |