Grey Cast Iron vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel
Both grey cast iron and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 to 300 | |
| 490 to 550 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.6 | |
| 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 69 to 170 | |
| 710 to 790 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 69 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 180 to 610 | |
| 1020 to 1140 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 160 to 450 | |
| 1690 to 1890 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 98 to 290 | |
| 1100 to 1230 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1180 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 50 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.9 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 44 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 13 to 37 | |
| 200 to 230 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 27 to 240 | |
| 3260 to 4080 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 5.8 to 17 | |
| 60 to 67 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 8.7 to 17 | |
| 40 to 43 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 6.0 to 17 | |
| 54 to 60 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 3.1 to 3.4 | |
| 0.55 to 0.85 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.1 to 93.9 | |
| 97.5 to 99 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
| 0.3 to 1.2 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 2.5 to 2.8 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |