Grey Cast Iron vs. ASTM A372 Grade G Steel
Both grey cast iron and ASTM A372 grade G steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grey cast iron and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade G steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 to 300 | |
| 200 to 280 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.6 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 69 to 170 | |
| 310 to 380 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 69 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 180 to 610 | |
| 410 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 160 to 450 | |
| 650 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 98 to 290 | |
| 430 to 550 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1180 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.9 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 2.2 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 44 | |
| 49 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 13 to 37 | |
| 130 to 160 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 27 to 240 | |
| 500 to 810 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 5.8 to 17 | |
| 23 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 8.7 to 17 | |
| 21 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 6.0 to 17 | |
| 19 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 3.1 to 3.4 | |
| 0.25 to 0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.65 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.1 to 93.9 | |
| 97.4 to 98.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
| 0.7 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.25 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 2.5 to 2.8 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |