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Hardened SAE-AISI A3 vs. Hardened SAE-AISI S4

Both hardened SAE-AISI A3 and hardened SAE-AISI S4 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the hardened (H) condition. They have a moderately high 92% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is hardened SAE-AISI A3 and the bottom bar is hardened SAE-AISI S4.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Rockwell C Hardness 66
66
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2150
2140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.3
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.7
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.0
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 67
29
Embodied Water, L/kg 78
48

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 77
77
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 48
48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
65

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.2 to 1.3
0.5 to 0.65
Chromium (Cr), % 4.8 to 5.5
0.1 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 88.7 to 92
95.2 to 96.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.6
0.6 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.4
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
1.8 to 2.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.8 to 1.4
0.15 to 0.35