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Hardened AISI 431 vs. Hardened SAE-AISI T8

Both hardened AISI 431 and hardened SAE-AISI T8 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the hardened (H) condition. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is hardened AISI 431 and the bottom bar is hardened SAE-AISI T8.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Rockwell C Hardness 26
66
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1380
2140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1730
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1670
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
420
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
18
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
45
Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
120

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 16
30
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 50
66
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36
41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.0
4.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 43
66

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0.75 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 15 to 17
3.8 to 4.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
4.3 to 5.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 78.2 to 83.8
69.3 to 75.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.4 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 2.5
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
13.3 to 14.8
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.8 to 2.4