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Optical Silicon vs. Tungsten Carbide

Optical silicon belongs to the non-glass optical ceramics classification, while tungsten carbide belongs to the non-oxide engineering ceramics. There are 18 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is optical silicon and the bottom bar is tungsten carbide.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Compressive (Crushing) Strength, MPa 120
4780
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 150
630
Flexural Strength, MPa 300
1830
Fracture Toughness, MPa-m1/2 3.5
12
Knoop Hardness 1130
1670
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.24
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110
350

Thermal Properties

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1350
1000
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 700
280
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
85
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 3.0
5.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 2.3
15

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 35
24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 75
20
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
7.5
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 93
21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
7.2