SAE-AISI 1012 Steel vs. EN 2.4878 Nickel
SAE-AISI 1012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4878 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4878 nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 31 | |
| 13 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 150 to 230 | |
| 400 to 410 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 78 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 230 to 250 | |
| 750 to 760 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 360 to 400 | |
| 1210 to 1250 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 200 to 330 | |
| 740 to 780 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 330 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 1030 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1370 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1320 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 460 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 53 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 80 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 10 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 370 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 80 to 93 | |
| 150 to 180 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 110 to 300 | |
| 1370 to 1540 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 13 to 14 | |
| 41 to 42 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 2.8 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 13 | |
| 37 to 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 1.6 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0.010 to 0.015 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.1 to 0.15 | |
| 0.030 to 0.070 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 23 to 25 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 19 to 21 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 99.16 to 99.6 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 43.6 to 52.2 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0.7 to 1.2 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.0070 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.2 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.030 to 0.070 |