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SAE-AISI 1021 Steel vs. A390.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1021 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1021 steel and the bottom bar is A390.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130 to 150
110 to 140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
75
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 27
0.87 to 0.91
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 300
70 to 100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 480 to 530
190 to 290
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 450
190 to 290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
640
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
20

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
20
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
67

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
11
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
950

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
1.6 to 2.6
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 530
240 to 580
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
52
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 19
19 to 30
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
56
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 17
9.0 to 14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
75.3 to 79.6
Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.23
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 98.8 to 99.22
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.45 to 0.65
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
16 to 18
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2