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SAE-AISI 1023 Steel vs. 5070 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1023 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5070 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1023 steel and the bottom bar is 5070 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 17 to 29
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 270
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 300
190
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 430 to 480
300
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 410
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 6.9
31
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 77 to 100
51
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150 to 450
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 17
31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
53
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
92.4 to 95.7
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.25
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 99.06 to 99.5
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.4 to 0.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.4 to 0.8
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15