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SAE-AISI 1039 Steel vs. 851.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1039 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 851.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1039 steel and the bottom bar is 851.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 14 to 18
3.9 to 9.1
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 610 to 690
130 to 140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
850
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
180
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
46
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1140

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 24
12 to 13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
19 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
69
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 22
6.1 to 6.3

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
86.6 to 91.5
Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.7 to 1.3
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 98.9
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.3 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
5.5 to 7.0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3