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SAE-AISI 1040 Steel vs. C96400 Copper-nickel

SAE-AISI 1040 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C96400 copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel and the bottom bar is C96400 copper-nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
140
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 20
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
51
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 640
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320 to 530
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1240
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1170
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
400
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
28
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
5.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
5.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
45
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
5.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
87
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
280

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 96
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 270 to 760
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
8.6
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 23
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 21
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
7.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 20
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0 to 0.15
Copper (Cu), % 0
62.3 to 71.3
Iron (Fe), % 98.6 to 99.03
0.25 to 1.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.010
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
28 to 32
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5