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SAE-AISI 1042 Steel vs. 5182 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1042 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5182 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1042 steel and the bottom bar is 5182 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 14 to 18
1.1 to 12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 370
100 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Shear Strength, MPa 380 to 420
170 to 240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 700
280 to 420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 340 to 580
130 to 360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
28
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
94

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 87 to 94
2.6 to 49
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 320 to 900
120 to 950
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 25
29 to 44
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 22
36 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
53
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 22
12 to 19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93.2 to 95.8
Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.47
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
0 to 0.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.2 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15