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SAE-AISI 1043 Steel vs. 7178 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1043 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7178 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1043 steel and the bottom bar is 7178 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 18
4.5 to 12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 390
120 to 210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 430
140 to 380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 710
240 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 600
120 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
31
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
91

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 87 to 100
24 to 52
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 320 to 980
110 to 2220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 25
21 to 58
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 22
28 to 54
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
47
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21 to 22
10 to 28

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.4 to 89.5
Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.47
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.18 to 0.28
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.6 to 2.4
Iron (Fe), % 98.4 to 98.9
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.4 to 3.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
6.3 to 7.3
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15