SAE-AISI 1045 Steel vs. AWS E219

Both SAE-AISI 1045 steel and AWS E219 are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E219.

SAE-AISI 1045 (S45C, G10450) Carbon Steel AWS E219 (W32310) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Elongation at Break, %		13 to 18
Elongation at Break, %		17

Poisson's Ratio		0.29
Poisson's Ratio		0.28

Shear Modulus, GPa		72
Shear Modulus, GPa		78

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620 to 680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		690

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		250
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		290

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1460
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1400

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K		51
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K		14

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		1.8
Base Metal Price, % relative		15

Density, g/cm³		7.8
Density, g/cm³		7.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		1.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.1

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		18
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		44

Embodied Water, L/kg		46
Embodied Water, L/kg		160

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		22 to 24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		25

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		21 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		23

Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s		14
Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s		3.8

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		20 to 22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0.43 to 0.5
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.060

Chromium (Cr), %		0
Chromium (Cr), %		19 to 21.5

Copper (Cu), %		0
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75

Iron (Fe), %		98.5 to 99
Iron (Fe), %		58.6 to 67.4

Manganese (Mn), %		0.6 to 0.9
Manganese (Mn), %		8.0 to 10

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75

Nickel (Ni), %		0
Nickel (Ni), %		5.5 to 7.0

Nitrogen (N), %		0
Nitrogen (N), %		0.1 to 0.3

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.050
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030