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SAE-AISI 1045 Steel vs. S82121 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1045 steel and S82121 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel and the bottom bar is S82121 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 18
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 370
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
78
Shear Strength, MPa 380 to 410
470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 680
730
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 330 to 580
510

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1020
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 93
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 300 to 900
660
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 24
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 22
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 22
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.43 to 0.5
0 to 0.035
Chromium (Cr), % 0
21 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.2 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
66.7 to 75.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
1.0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.3 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.0 to 4.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.010