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SAE-AISI 1070 Steel vs. Grade 12 Titanium

SAE-AISI 1070 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 12 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1070 steel and the bottom bar is grade 12 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190 to 230
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 10 to 13
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270 to 350
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Reduction in Area, % 34 to 51
28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
39
Shear Strength, MPa 380 to 460
330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 640 to 760
530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 420 to 560
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
9.6

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 10
3.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 12
6.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
37
Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
31
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
500
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 59 to 86
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 470 to 850
770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 27
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 24
32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
8.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21 to 25
37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.65 to 0.75
0 to 0.080
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 98.8
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.6 to 0.9
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
97.6 to 99.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4