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SAE-AISI 1074 Steel vs. 4145 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1074 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1074 steel and the bottom bar is 4145 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 14
2.2
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290 to 350
48
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
28
Shear Strength, MPa 440 to 490
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740 to 820
120
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450 to 570
68

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
540
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
590
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
520
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
26
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
84

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1040

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 77 to 94
2.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 550 to 860
31
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 29
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 25
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 26
5.5

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
83 to 87.4
Carbon (C), % 0.7 to 0.8
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.15
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.3 to 4.7
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 98.8
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.15
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.8
0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
9.3 to 10.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15