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SAE-AISI 1086 Steel vs. 5456 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1086 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5456 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1086 steel and the bottom bar is 5456 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 11
11 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300 to 360
130 to 210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 450 to 520
190 to 210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 870
320 to 340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 480 to 580
150 to 250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
97

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 84
33 to 46
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 610 to 890
170 to 470
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 31
33 to 35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 26
38 to 40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
48
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 30
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
92 to 94.8
Carbon (C), % 0.8 to 0.93
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.050 to 0.2
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 98.9
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
4.7 to 5.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.5
0.5 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15