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SAE-AISI 1118 Steel vs. 5021 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1118 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5021 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1118 steel and the bottom bar is 5021 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 13
1.1 to 3.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 260
85 to 110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 300
170
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
300 to 310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
240 to 270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
35
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 61
3.1 to 10
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
440 to 550
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
30 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
57
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
13 to 14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
95.2 to 97.7
Carbon (C), % 0.14 to 0.2
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.15
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.5
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.2 to 2.8
Manganese (Mn), % 1.3 to 1.6
0.1 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0.080 to 0.13
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15