SAE-AISI 1146 Steel vs. C31400 Bronze
SAE-AISI 1146 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C31400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1146 steel and the bottom bar is C31400 bronze.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 to 17 | |
| 6.8 to 29 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 42 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 410 to 440 | |
| 180 to 240 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 to 730 | |
| 270 to 420 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 360 to 630 | |
| 78 to 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 200 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 180 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1040 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1010 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 380 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 180 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 18 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 42 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 43 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 29 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 42 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 93 to 97 | |
| 26 to 59 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 340 to 1050 | |
| 28 to 420 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.1 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 26 | |
| 8.7 to 13 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 23 | |
| 11 to 14 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 54 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 22 | |
| 9.6 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.42 to 0.49 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 87.5 to 90.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.3 to 98.8 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 1.3 to 2.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.080 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 5.8 to 11.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |